The Use of Large Tankers in Seasonal First-Year Ice and Severe Sub-Zero Conditions Signal Flags South Limit 45� 36'

South Limit 45� 36'

No visible mounting screws

The Port State

is the former executive director of the Maritime Institute of Technology and Graduate Studies

Amendments to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea

The Use of Large Tankers in Seasonal First-Year Ice and Severe Sub-Zero Conditions Signal Flags South Limit 45� 36'Overview Independent ice navigation and the icebreaker escorted navigation of large tankers are concepts that may be relatively new to many tanker owners and charterers. This publication provides guidance to chartering and vetting groups on the safe operation of tankers in areas affected by seasonal first year ice. It is primarily aimed at the use of low, or no, ice class tankers, from 50,000 tonnes deadweight upwards, likely to encounter first year